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Amazon Redshift Interview Questions and Answers

Amazon Redshift Interview Questions and Answers

June 8th, 2019

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Best Amazon Redshift Interview Questions and Answers

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Q1) What are the benefits of using AWS Redshift?

Answer:

  • We can run multiple queries on multiple nodes.
  • We can use Postgresql, ODBC and JDBC.
  • Automated backup
  • Built-in security.
  • When applications requires analytical function.
  • Cost effective compared to traditional data warehousing technique.

Q2) When can we choose the Redshift ?

Answer:
When  application require more volumes from users then using redshift we can speed up the process of query response and cut down the infra cost.

Q3) What are the common features of Redshift?

Answer:
AWS Redshift is a fully managed, petabyte-scale data warehouse service in the AWS, We can create a bunch of nodes once we have data warehouse created i.e AWS redshift Cluster. Now we can upload the set of data and perform the query for data analysis.

Q4) What’s the use of redshift?

Answer:

  • Scalability up/down
  • Pay for what ever we use

Q5) Which is the database redshift is using?

Answer: PostgreSQL

Q6) What Amazon redshift built for ?

Answer:  Amazon Redshift is a data warehouse service fully managed, fast. built on the technology Massive Parallel Processing.

Q7) Is redshift can be used with AWS RDS?

Answer: Answer:
AWS RDS is used for database using MariaDB, Oracle DB, Amazon Aurora, Mysql and others.

Q8) Does AWS Redshift use SQL?

Answer: Amazon Redshift is using PostgreSQL

Q9) Does Amazon redshift based on concept cluster?

Answer: Amazon Redshift uses nodes, group of nodes are called cluster. Single cluster runs a Amazon Redshift and it has one or multiple number of databases.

Q10) Is AWS Redshift a stored procedures?

Answer: NO. Redshift supports tables, views and functions.

Q11) Is AWS redshift is one of the RDS in AWS or is it Relation Database?

Answer: Amazon Redshift RDBMS we can use other RDBMS applications

Q12) What is the use of  Amazon redshift ODBC driver ?

Answer: It will allow us  to connect with real time data of the Amazon Redshift  from any applications which is supported with ODBC.

Q13) Why AWS redshift is named after Redshift?

Answer: Amazon Web Services given the name RedShift for Oracle trademark red.

Q14) What is the use of AWS redshift driver?

Answer : AWS Redshift gives you ODBC drivers for Linux, Windows, OS X operating systems

Q15) What’s the use AWS redshift cluster Service?

Answer: AWS Redshift data collection of nodes, group of nodes are cluster. cluster runs a AWS Redshift and it has databases.

Q16) How will the AWS redshift work?

Answer: Amazon Redshift set up, operate, and scale, managing backups and updates and monitors nodes.

Q17) What is the difference between s3 and redshift?

Answer: AWS S3 is object based storage.  AWS Redshift is a fast, fully managed, petabyte-scale data warehouse.

Q18) What is  cluster AWS cloud?

Answer: Cluster is grouping of similar services. You can create multiple clusters depends on the requirement on the services.

Q19) Does redshift support unstructured data?

Answer: AWS Redshift is using  PostgreSQL supports only structured data.

Q20) Why redshift Distribution key is used?

Answer: Redshift distribution Keys to check where the data is located in AWS Redshift.

Q21) Is redshift using primary keys for key-value storage?

Yes
Uses only foreign keys
No
None of the above
Answer: YES

Q22) What is  MPP in Redshift ?

Answer: massive protection policy

Q23) Redshift has the fast query performance, storage and technology which of the following is correct.

key-value
database
row
columnar
Answer: columnar

Q24) AWS Redshift is used for which one of the following ?

Small queries
complex queries
small data
large and static data
Answer: Complex Queries

Q25) AWS Redshift is basically works on nodes and cluster and which of following option Redshift is based on?

Storage service
database
System Storage
Answer: database

Q26)  What kind of application/services uses Redshift database?

Answer: Amazon Redshift is meant for services which are petabyte scale warehousing. Example: Big data analytics and OLAP. Redshift are fully managed and scalable in nature.

Q27)  What are the business intelligent tools to which Redshift can be integrated with?

Answer: Redshift can be integrated with Tableau, Jaspersoft, Microstrategy, Cognos Pentaho and Amazon QuickSight.

Q28)  When and why we should use Redshift Spectrum?

Answer: When we need to SQL query structured, semi-structured or unstructured data stored in S3 and joining them with our redshift Tables.

Q29) What data formats does Redshift Spectrum support?

Answer: Redshift Spectrum currently supports for Avro, CSV, Grok, Ion, JSON, ORC, Parquet, RCFile, RegexSerDe, SequenceFile and Tex.

Q30) Is Redshift similar to RDS ?

Ans. Redshift is a heavily version of PostgreSQL, it’s not used for OLTP.OLTP remember is online transaction processing.So Redshift is not a replacement for RDS.Redshift is OLAP, OLAP stands for online analytical processing.That means that Redshift is used for analytics and data warehousing.

Q31) How far Redshift is better in performance as compare to other data warehouse technologies?

Answer: Redshift provides ten times better performance than other data warehouse technologies and Redshift is meant to scale 2 petabytes of data.So petabytes, 1 petabite is 1000 terabytes,means a lot of data.

Q32) Is Redshift a row based storage or columnar based?

Answer: Redshift supports columnar data storage (instead of row based) which makes it good for analytical processing not for transactional processing .
PostgreSQL, RDS, MySQL supports row based storage of data .

Q33) What is MPP . Is Redshift support MPP?

Answer: MPP stands for massively parallel query execution .It’s highly distributed, when you run a query,it’s going to run it in parallel across so many instances and so many cores .And as such it’s called a massively parallel query execution which in turns makes the database highly available.

Q34) How do we load data into Redshift?

Answer: Data is loaded from S3, DynamoDB,DMS and Read Replicas in RDS for example, when you have a RBS database but you want to do analytics on it to create a read replica,to pull that data from the read replica into Redshift and to do the analytics into Redshift.

Q35) How we can scale Reshift database?

Answer: Redshift can go from one node up to 128 nodes and each node has so many cores,and  each node by itself has 160 gigabytes of space. So, Overall it provides lot of space.

Q36) How many types of nodes supported by Redshift and what are the functions of nodes?

Answer: Redshift supports 2 nodes -leader node and compute node
There is a leader node and the leader node is used to planning the queries and aggregate results across all compute nodes.So the compute nodes are going to actually be performing the queries and they will send the results back to the leader.If you have one node, then that nodeis both a leader node and a compute node.

Q37) What is Redshift Spectrum?

Answer: In Redshift Spectrum,you don’t need to load the data into Redshift first. Yoy can perform the queries directly against S3.So, it is a great way to do ah hoc queries.

Q38)  What is  Redshift Enhanced VPC Routing?

Answer: If you enable Redshift Enhanced VPC Routing feature , all the COPY of data from whatever storage you want into Redshift,or UNLOAD from Redshift back to S3 , goes through VPC which gives you enhanced security and maybe better performance as well as your data doesn’t go over the oublic internet.

Q39) What are the important Features of Redshift?

Answer:

  • Operations : Similar to RDS
  • Security : IAM,KMS ,VPC,SSL(similar to RDS)
  • Redshift provides 10times more performance compare to other warehouse services.
  • Redshift is highly available and have auto healing feature.
  • Redshift provides pay per node provisioned, 1/10th of the cost compare to other data warehouse services.

Q40) For which purpose Redshift is used for ?

Answer: Redshift is used for Business Intelligence, Analytics, Data Warehose

Q41) How will I be charged and billed if I use Amazon Redshift?

Answer: You pay only for what you use, and there are no minimum or setup fees. Billing commences for a data warehouse cluster as soon as the data warehouse cluster is available. Billing continues until the data warehouse cluster terminates, which would occur upon deletion or in the event of instance failure. You are billed based on:

  • Compute Node Hours
  • Backup Storage
  • Data Transfer
  • Data Scanned

Q42) Is it possible to access Redshift compute Nodes directly?

Answer: No. Your Amazon Redshift compute nodes are in a private network space and can only be accessed from your data warehouse cluster’s leader node. This provides an additional layer of security for your data

Q43)  What kind of application/services uses Redshift database?

Answer: Amazon Redshift is meant for services which are petabyte scale warehousing. Example: Big data analytics and OLAP. Redshift are fully managed and scalable in nature.

Q44) What are the business intelligent tools to which Redshift can be integrated with?

Answer: Redshift can be integrated with Tableau, Jaspersoft, Microstrategy, Cognos Pentaho and Amazon QuickSight.

Q45) When and why we should use Redshift Spectrum.

Answer: When we need to SQL query structured, semi-structured or unstructured data stored in S3 and joining them with our redshift Tables.

Q46) What data formats does Redshift Spectrum support?

Answer: Redshift Spectrum currently supports for Avro, CSV, Grok, Ion, JSON, ORC, Parquet, RCFile, RegexSerDe, SequenceFile and Tex.

Q47) Select the AWS service which is nosql database and serverless, minimal latency ?

Answer:

  • RDS
  • MYSQL
  • DYNAMO DB
  • REDSHIFT

Q48) Can we access the compute node of Redshift directly ?

Answer:

  • Redshift compute node lives in private network space and can only be accessed from data
  • warehouse cluster leader node.

Q49) How we can monitor the performance of Redshift data warehouse cluster.

Answer:

  • Performance metric like compute and storage utilization, read/write traffic can be monitored
  • via AWS Management Console or using CloudWatch.

Q50) Which sql query platform are you using to communicate with redshift?

Answer: Postgresql